日本终身雇佣和年功工资惯例相关理论与实证研究新进展

New Progress of Theoretical and Empirical Research on Japanese Lifetime Employment System and Seniority Wage System

日本终身雇佣和年功工资惯例的形成与日本的经济、历史和文化有关;该惯例有利于劳使双方进行人力资本投资;有利于建立监督和激励机制;在工人之间和劳使间形成相互信赖的关系网络。终身雇佣相似于重复博弈,容易诱发合作关系;随着日本经济的变化,对解雇实施规制有损于社会福利;制度的互补性迟延了该惯例的演化;未来的日本雇佣工资制度将是终身雇佣惯例和流动性劳动力市场体制的有机结合。

The formation of Japanese lifetime employment and seniority wage system is related with Japan＇s economy, history and culture. This system is beneficial to human capital investment of employers and employees, to the establishment of monitoring and incentive mechanism and the formation of mutual trust network among employees as well as managers and employees. The lifetime employment system is similar to repeated game which is easy to induce cooperative relationships among players. Along with the changes in Japan＇s economy, regulations on dismissal will do harm to social welfare. Furthermore, the complementarities of institutions delay the evolution of this system. In the future, the employment and wage payment system in Japan will be an integration of the lifetime employment and labor market with mobility.