面向对象的遥感影像模糊分类方法研究

The Research of Remote Sensing Fuzzy Classification Method Based-on Object Oriented

传统的基于像素的遥感影像处理方法都是基于遥感影像光谱信息极其丰富,地物间光谱差异较为明显的基础上进行的。对于只含有较少波段的高分辨率遥感影像,传统的分类方法,就会造成分类精度降低,空间数据的大量冗余,并且其分类结果常常是椒盐图像,不利于进行空间分析。本文采用面向对象的影像分类方法,考虑了对象的不同特征值,例如光谱值,形状和纹理,结合上下文关系和语义的信息,这种分类技术不仅能够使用影像属性,而且能够利用不同影像对象之间的空间关系。在对诸多对象进行分类后,再进行精度分析。在此研究提出了一种面向对象的方法结合模糊理论把许多的对象块分成不同的类别。这一过程主要有两个步骤:第一个步骤是分割。图像分割将整个图像分割成若干个对象,在这个过程中,分割尺度的选择会影响到后续的分类结果和精度。第二个步骤是分类。在这个步骤中,特征值的选择和隶属度函数的选择都对分类结果有着至关重要的影响。

The traditional pixel-based remote sensing image processing approaches exploit the features of abundant spatial information and explicit difference of spectrum between different objects. Applying the traditional classifying algorithms to the high resolution remote sensing image with few spectral bands will cause the low classification rate, redundancy spatial data, and output image with pepper-sah noise, object-based image classification, which is based on fuzzy logic, allows the integration of a broad spectrum of different object features such as spectral values, shape, and texture. The techniques incorporate contextual and semantic information, can be performed using not only image object attributes, but also the relationship among different image objects.This research has two main steps. First step is segmentation. During this process, how to choose fine scale is very important. Second step is classification. In this step, two factors are very essential for classification. One is Creating feature space, the another is fuzzy logic.