文心兰切花品种组织培养快速繁殖技术研究

Rapid propagation of cut flower varieties of Oncidium by tissue culture

以新选育的文心兰切花品种的侧芽为外植体,探讨不同灭菌剂、外植体采样时间与季节对侧芽培养的效果以及含不同激素或有机复合物的培养基对原球茎的诱导与增殖、壮苗与生根的影响。结果表明,采用0.1%升汞与10%次氯酸钠组合对外植体的灭菌效果最好,能明显提高外植体的成活率;晴天上午11时或下午16时左右最适合采集外植体,外植体成活率达70%以上;夏、秋两季适宜于外植体的采集,并利于进行灭菌处理和原球茎的诱导与增殖。适宜于原球茎和丛芽增殖的培养基为MS+6-BA 3.0mg/L+NAA 0.3mg/L;在增殖阶段,MS培养基中添加10%(W/V)椰子水有利于丛芽增殖,而10%(W/V)香蕉浆有利于原球茎增殖。在壮苗阶段,MS培养基添加10%(W/V)香蕉浆对壮苗效果最好,原球茎转化率高,小苗生长健壮;在生根阶段,以1/2MS+NAA 0.5mg/L+10%(W/V)香蕉浆的生根效果最佳,生根率达100%,且小苗生长健壮,移栽成活率达90%以上。

The lateral bud of newly bred cut flower varieties of Oncidium were used as explants to study the effects of different sterilization agents, sampling times and seasons on the culture of lateral bud and different media with different hormones or organic complexes on the induction and proliferation of protocorm, and roots in the plantlets rooting. The results showed that the combination of 0.1% HgCl2 and 10%NaCIO had best sterilization effect on explants and could increase the survival rate of explants. The suitable sampling time of explants was found to be at 11：00 am or 16：00 pm and the survival rate of explants was above 70%. The summer and autumn were the best sampling seasons for explants and beneficial to sterilization of explants and the induction and proliferation of protocorm. The suitable medium for the proliferation of protocorm and cluster buds was MS＋6-BA -3.0mg/L＋NAA 0.3mg/L. At proliferation stage, adding 10% （W/V） of coconut water to MS medium was beneficial for the proliferation of cluster buds, while adding 10% （W/V） of AC could improve the proliferation of protocorm. At culture stage, adding 10%（W/V） of AC to MS medium had the best effect on the culture of vigorous plantlet, the transformation rate of protocorm was high and the plantlet grew well At rooting stage, the medium 1/2 MS＋NAA 0.5mg/L ＋10% （W/V） AC had best effect on the rooting rate （100% of rooting rate）, the plantlet grew well and the survival rate of transplantation was found to be over 90%.