合同农业中农户机会主义行为的治理研究——深圳嘉农公司的个案分析

The Study of the Governance to Peasants' Opportunistic Behaviors in Contract Farming——The Case StudyofJianongFirm in Shenzhen

合同农业是我国农副产品市场化改革中出现的一种制度创新,对于增加农民收入有着重要的促进作用。以深圳嘉农公司生产基地为例,认为对合同农业中农户机会主义行为的治理应做到以下几点:把生产中的控制权配置给最有能力治理农户机会主义行为的代理人(中介),充分实现其与公司各自专有知识的合作是成功治理农户机会主义行为的重要条件;充分运用农户的社会资本能够有效降低公司和代理人(中介)治理农户机会主义行为的交易成本;对农户机会主义行为的成功治理,取决于各种治理规则能否为利益相关者创造并妥善分配经济利益,以满足利益相关者的参与约束和激励相容约束。

The contract farming is a creative system to promote the reform of farm and sideline products to adapt to the market changes, it plays a key role in increasing farmers＇ income. Through studying some cases of Jianong Firm, we have gotten three conclusions： It is a significant precondition of managing peasants successfully in the contract farming to put the controlling rights of production to the most capable agents or brokerages and realize the cooperation between them and the firm; It will effectively help reduce the transaction cost of company and the agent or brokerages when managing peasants if they fully take advantage of the peasants＇ social capital; The successful governance to the household farmers depends on whether the rules that can produce and allocate economic rent perfectly for each participator to satisfy the stake-holders＇ incentive compatibility constrain and participation constrain.