论戴震考据学的理性品格及其理论局限

On Moralization Features of Dai Zhen's Textual Research and Its Theoretical Limitation

戴震集清代考据学之大成,是乾嘉时期最著名的学者之一。他继承了顾炎武以来特别是惠栋倡导的由名物、度数以通经义的汉学主张,大力推阐汉学的治学宗旨。戴震不仅继承了汉学,而且在一定程度上发展和超越了汉学,从而使其考据学表现出鲜明的理性特征。戴震考据学既具有积极的学术意义,也因为时代的局限而不可避免地存在着一定的局限性。

Dai Zhen, a famous scholar in the period between Emperor Qianlong and Emperor Jiaqing, was an expert of textual research in the Qing Dynasty. He has inherited the disciplines of seeking truth by observation advocated by Gu Yanwu and especially by Hui Dong to carry out Chinese studies. Moreover, his studies are a further development of previous ones with moralization features. Of course, besides the positive academic significance, there are some unavoidable limitations due to limits of the time.