中国烤烟主要物理特性及其产区差异

Physical characteristics and their regional variation in China's flue-cured tobacco leaf

利用中国烟草种植区划研究项目2004～2005年采集的全国不同烟叶主产区805个中部烟叶样品,对我国烤烟中部烟叶的物理特性及分布状况进行了系统分析,并初步探讨了主要产区烟叶物理特性的差异。研究结果表明,我国烤烟中部烟叶各物理特性值的一般范围分别为:叶片厚度0.036～0.128mm,叶面密度52.12～97.64g/m2,拉力1.04～2.52N,填充值3.44～4.28cm3/g,平衡含水率10.42%～13.50%,含梗率23.56%～38.32%,单叶重5.97～16.01g。多数物理特性指标在测定的2年间相对稳定。不同产区烤烟各物理特性指标存在极显著差异,以单叶重差异最大,填充值和平衡含水率差异相对较小,东北烟区单叶重相对较高,从辽宁、黑龙江、吉林等东北的烟叶产区到广西、湖南、福建、贵州、湖北等南方的烟叶产区,叶片厚度和叶面密度呈降低趋势,含梗率则呈升高趋势。

805 middle leaf samples taken from various flue-cured tobacco growing areas in China in 2004-2005 were used to study physical characteristics and their regional variation. Results showed that leaf thickness, leaf density, tensile breaking strength, filling value, balanced moisture content, percentage stem, and single leaf weight of middle leaf were 0. 036-0. 128 mm, 52.12-97.64 g/m2, 1.04-2.52N, 3.44-4.28 cm3/g, 10.42-13.50%, 23.56-38.32%, and 5.97-16.01 g, respectively. Most physical characteristics were steady within the two measuring years. Significant regional variations of all seven indexes of tobacco leaf produced in different regions of China were observed： the maximum variation was in single leaf weight while the minimum variation was in filling value and balanced moisture content. Tobacco from Northeast China had higher single leaf weight. From North to South, leaf thickness and density decreased gradually, however, percentage stern showed a rather contrary tendency.