珠海口岸鼠间肾综合征出血热病毒的分子流行病学研究

Epidemiologic Investigation on Hantaviruses Carried by Rodents in Zhuhai

〔目的〕了解珠海口岸地区鼠间肾综合征出血热汉坦病毒(HV)感染状况及其病毒型别。〔方法〕选取珠海8个口岸地区,从2006年5月—2007年4月采用鼠笼法捕鼠,计算鼠密度和鼠种构成;应用间接酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测鼠血清汉坦病毒IgG抗体;应用HV型特异性引物进行RT-PCR扩增及核苷酸序列测定,并进行基因分型。〔结果〕共发现6种鼠类,分别为褐家鼠、黄胸鼠、小家鼠、黄毛鼠、板齿鼠、臭鼩鼱,以臭鼩鼱为优势鼠种群(38.3%),其次为褐家鼠(26.3%);鼠密度为4.10%;鼠血清抗体阳性率为2.65%(3/113);鼠肺带病毒率为1.43%(2/140);从2只褐家鼠的肺组织检测出汉城型汉坦病毒。〔结论〕珠海口岸鼠间存在着汉城型汉坦病毒,应继续加强口岸的肾综合征出血热预防控制工作的力度。

Objective To investigate Hantavirus infection of captured rodents at Zhuhai ports and to type Hantavirus by using molecular technique. Methods We trapped the rodents at 8 ports of Zhuhai during 2006-2007.The captured mice were classified and the density was calculated. The IgG reacting sera to HV antigen was detected by using ELISA, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） technique was used to amplify the partial M fragments of Hantavirus. The amplified genes were then sequenced and subjected to genotyping. Results Six species of rodents （Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus, Mus musculus, Rattus losea, Bandicota indico, Suncus Murinus） were captured, among which Suncus Murinus was the dominant group, accounting for 38.3%, next was Rattus norvegicus （26.3%）. The total number of captured rodents was 739, the average rodent density was 4.10%, and the sero positive for Hantavirus of rodents was 2.65%.The virus carrying rate of rodents was 1.43%. The Hantavirus was detected from the lung organs of Rattus norvegicus. Nucleotide sequences analysis showed that the virus detected belongs to the SEO-type. Conclusion The SEO-type of Hantavirus was carried by rodents at Zhuhai ports. Surveillance for HFRS among rodents and rat control should be implemented.