交叉抗药性药物创新性专利保护的两难选择

Dilemma of Patent Protection of the Innovative Drug with Cross-Resistance

立法是对社会资源和利益的第一次分配,立法者通过各种制度设计分配社会资源和利益,引导社会资源向有利于社会整体效益最大化的方向流动。为了使公众在疾病谱不断变化的过程中能够及时得到有效治疗,就必须激励药物生产者不断研发创新,而为了激励药物创新就必须加强创新药物的专利保护,但是,有些受到专利保护的创新药物如抗菌药等,在使用过程中会对现在或未来某种新药产生交叉抗药性,从而使其失去药效,这显然对那些新药研发企业是不公平的,对社会总福利也是不利的。这是一个两难选择,走出这个困境,需要重新审视专利立法的价值取向,并在制度上进行再设计。

Legislation is the first allocation for social resource and interests. The legislators guide social resources to the benefit of the whole society through a variety of system to distribute the social resources and the interests. In order to let the public be effectively treated in a timely manner, it is necessary to encourage producers to continue to develop innovative drugs, and then we should strengthen the innovation of drug patent protection in order to encourage the drug innovation. However, some innovation drugs protected by patent including anti-bacterial drug can produce a cross-resistance to the same kind of drugs in the present or the future as to make them lose its efficacy, it is clear that it is unfair for those medicine company and the total social welfare. This is a dilemma, out of this predicament, we should re-examine the patent legislation of the values and institutional re-design.