声训之源流及声训在《广雅疏证》中的运用

Source of the Shengxun and Its Use in Guangya Shuzheng

声训之出现甚早。《尔雅》就把声训作为一种训诂手段来运用。汉代学者运用声训所取得的训诂成就,把音义关系研究推进了一大步。戴侗等人运用声训把词的语源义探求与同源词揭示结合起来,拓宽了声训的用途。王念孙在《广雅疏证》中运用声训广泛剔发词的音近义通现象,大量揭示同源词,创造了训诂学史上的最辉煌的业绩。王念孙以声证义,主要的根据是声纽。

Shengxun appeared very early. In Erya, shengxun was used as a means of xungu （ semantic explanation）. In the Han Dynasty, scholars advanced the study of relationship between sound and meaning by using the achievement of xungu on the base of shengxun. Dai Dong and others combined etymology study and paranym study by using shengxun and thus broadened shengxun＇ s application. With the aid of shengxun, Wang Niansun probed widely into the linguistic phenomenon of word with similar sound and meaning and explained widely words with the same origin in Guangya shuzheng, thus achieving the greatest achievement in the history of xungu. Wang Niansun proved meaning with sound and his main base is shengniu （initial consonants）.