东、黄海鲐鯵鱼渔场与海洋环境关系的研究

A study on the relationship between the chub mackerel and Japanese scad fishing ground and marine environment in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea

根据2000～2004年7～12月东、黄海鲐鯵鱼生产统计以及表层温度和盐度数据,利用地理信息系统软件和数理统计方法,对鲐鯵鱼产量分布及作业渔场与表层温度、盐度的关系进行分析。结果表明,鲐鯵鱼高产(2000t)区域主要在122～125°E、26～28°N和123～125°E、32～38°N之间的海域。整个渔场的产量分布呈南部和北部高而中部低的态势。南北渔场汛期差异明显,南部渔场高产期集中在8～9月份,北部渔场高产期集中在10～11月份,且北部渔场高产期的产量比南部渔场高出22.7%。鲐鯵鱼适温范围为9.5～29.5℃,最适范围为28.5～29.5℃;适盐范围为30.9～34.4,最适范围为32.8～34.2。经非参数统计K-S检验结果是可信的。

ABSTRACT Analysis of correlation between catch distribution of chub mackerel Scomber ja- ponicus and Japanese scad Decapterus maruadsi, and marine environment in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea was done by means of geographical information system and statistical methods, in order to understand the tempo-spatial distribution of chub mackerel and Japanese scad in rela- tion to marine environment parameters such as sea surface temperature and salinity from July to November in 2000 ～ 2004. The results indicated that high yields （greater than 2 000 tonnages） were mainly obtained between 122 ～ 125° E, 26 ～ 28° N, and 123 ～ 125 ° E, 32 ～ 38° N, and the catches were larger in the northern fishing ground than those in the southern fishing ground. Moreover, fishing seasons were different in the two fishing grounds. Peak yields occurred in Oc- tober in the northern fishing ground, while it was August and September in the southern fishing ground, and total catch of the former was 22.7% more than that in the southern fishing ground. The suitable water temperature and salinity for chub mackerel and Japanese scad were 9.5 ～ 29.5 ℃ and 30.9 ～ 34.4, respectively, and the optimum water temperature and salinity were 28.5-29.5℃ and 32.8～34.2, respectively. Reliability of the result was examined by K-S test.