冲击凿岩的瞬态动力学及效率分析

Transient dynamics of impact rock drilling and its efficiency analysis

在分析冲击凿岩时岩石破碎过程的基础上,应用波动力学钻探理论对由活塞、钎具、岩石组成的凿岩钻机冲击钻探系统进行瞬态动力学分析,基于一元、二元冲击子系统力学模型建立凿岩系统特征方程,引入无量纲钻头质量比、无量纲活塞长度比等抽象变量,推导出系统的能量传递效率表达式,详细分析应力波在钻杆中的传递效率,得到在不同设计参数时的最大凿岩效率.

On the basis of analyzing the rock crushing process of impact rock drilling,the transient dynamic analysis was conducted with drilling theory of wave dynamics for the impact drilling system of a drill composed of piston-drill rod-rock.Based on one-dimensional and two-dimensional dynamic model of impact subsystem,the characteristic equation of rock drilling system was set up.Abstracted variables such as non-dimensional mass-ratio of drill bit and non-dimensional length-ratio of piston were introduced to derive the expression for energy transfer efficiency of the system. A detailed analysis of transmission efficiency of stress wave in the drill rod was carried out, so that the maximal drilling efficiency was obtained for the cases of different design parameters.