油气田节能技术发展现状与展望

Development and Prospects for Energy Saving Technologies in Oiifield

我国当前技术节能的贡献率仅为13.4%,发展节能技术的空间很大,而且必须要加快技术进步的步伐。我国油气田节能技术已在系统优化、抽油机及其配套节能技术、放空天然气回收技术、原油常温集输技术、稠油热采节能技术、天然气井下节流技术、高效节能设备等方面取得较大突破。但油气田节能降耗难度日益增大,单位生产能耗较高、设备老化、腐蚀结垢、地面工程系统负荷匹配不够平衡等问题仍然存在。国际大型石油公司积极采用井下分离技术、先进过程控制技术、油田产出水循环利用、高效保温技术等先进技术,并注重能源综合利用及新能源和可再生能源利用。目前油气田生产对于地上地下整体优化技术、机采系统配套节能技术、油田采出水余热利用配套技术、油气集输节能技术、稠油热采配套节能技术以及新能源和可再生能源利用等技术的发展有迫切需求。

Energy saving technologies shuuhl be improved more rapidly for the current contribution ratio of them in China is only 13.4%.The energy saving technologies in China have made great progresses on some aspects including system optimizing,pumping unit and its matching energy saving technology,fired gas reeovery technology,petroleum gathering without heating,energy saving technology by heavy oil thermal recovery,bottomhole gas throttle technology and high efficiency furnace,and so on.But the energy saving and consumption decreasing in oil-gas field is becoming difficult increasingly because of the issues of high energy consumption of unit production,aged equipment,corrosion and scale buildup anti unbalanced load-matching of surface engineering system.Large international petroleum companies adopt advanced technologies such as downhole separalion,advanced procedure control,cyclic usage of oilfiehl produced water,high efficiency insulate and so on. They focus on the comprehensive utilization of the energy and the utilization of new and renewable energy. The key demands of technologies include integral optimizing,matching energy saving of mechanical production system,waste heal ulilization of produced oilfield water,oil-gas galhering energy saving,matching energy saving of heavy oil thermal recovery,and utilization of new and renewable energy.