树突状细胞向淋巴结归巢的研究进展

The study progress in dendritic cell homing to draining lymph nodes

树突状细胞（DC）作为专职抗原递呈细胞在诱导机体产生抗肿瘤免疫应答过程中发挥重要作用。以此为基础制备的DC肿瘤疫苗在抗肿瘤免疫治疗中显示出一定的疗效。体外回输DC迁移归巢至局部引流淋巴结是激发特异性免疫应答的关键步骤，归巢DC的数目直接影响免疫应答的强度。了解DC体内归巢至淋巴结的机制，促进DC向淋巴结迁移对于提高DC疫苗的抗肿瘤效果具有重要意义。趋化因子和相应受体、黏附分子、基质金属蛋白酶和脂类介质等多种因素共同调控DC向淋巴结归巢，其中CCR7及其配体CCL19和CCL21是一组最受关注的因子。

Dendritic cells （DCs）, the professional antigen presenting cells （APCs）, play critical roles in triggering immunity to many different types of antigens including tumors. Tumor associated antigen-pulsed DCs have been explored in anti-tumor immunotherapy in clinical practices. Homing of the transferred exoge- nous DCs to the draining lymph nodes （DLN） is one of the pivotal steps in inducing anti-tumor immunity. Numbers of migrated DCs to the DLN correlated to the magnitude of immune responses. Understanding the mechanisms of DC homing to DLN is helpful to increase the efficiency of DC-based vaccination against tumors. DC migration to DLN is orchestrated by a complex interplay between chemokines and their receptors, adhesion molecules, as well as matrix metalloproteinases （MMPs） and lipid mediators, in which CCR7 and its ligands CCL19 and CCL21 are the most studied.