水痘减毒活疫苗接种与发病的病例对照研究

Case-control Study on the Relationship between Varicella Vaccine Inoculation and Varicella Morbidity

目的探讨接种水痘减毒活疫苗(Varicella Attenuated Live Vaccine,VarV)对发病的影响。方法采用病例对照研究的方法,调查收集2006年10月1日～2007年7月31日,北京市朝阳区发生的水痘193例和342名健康人群的VarV免疫史等信息。结果①病例组中无VarV免疫史的比例高于对照组[比值比(Odds Ratio,OR)=1.49,95%可信区间(Confidence Interval,CI)为0.99～2.24,P=0.043];②接种1剂VarV者发病明显高于接种≥2剂者(OR=3.04,95%CI为1.25～7.72,P=0.007);③接种国产VarV与进口VarV者的发病差异无统计学意义(OR=1.38,95%CI为0.53～3.71,P=0.483);④接种VarV后发病者症状明显比未接种VarV发病者轻微,且皮疹不典型。结论①接种VarV是预防水痘发病的有效措施;②接种1剂VarV发生水痘突破病例的危险性比接种≥2剂VarV高;③国产VarV的免疫效果不比进口VarV差;④接种VarV后患水痘症状减轻。

Objective To analyse and f ind out the in？ uence of varicella vaccine inoculation to varicella morbidity. Methods The case-control study was conducted. During October 1st 2006 to July 31th 2007,193 varicella cases were identif ied,and 342 control subjects were matched. Results 1. The proportion of nonvaccinated in case group was higher than that of control group （odds ratio 1.49,95% conf idence interval 0.99-2.24,P=0.043）. 2. The morbidity to the people who received one dose varicella vaccine was obviously higher than that of people who reiceived more than 2 dose （odds ratio 3.04,95% conf idence interval 1.25-7.72,P=0. 007）. 3. Signif icant differences were not observed between the domestic vaccine and the impoted vaccine （odds ratio 1.38,95% confidence interval 0.53-3.71 P=0.483）. 4. Clinical symptom of the vaccine was lighter than that of the unvaccinated,and rash was not typical. Conclusion 1. Inoculation varicella vaccine was effective measures to prevent varicella. 2. The risk to .get varicella of one-dose vaccinated was higher than that of more than 2-dose vaccinated. 3. The effectiveness of domestic varicella vaccine was as high as impoted vaccine. 4. The clinical symptom of varicella would be alleviated if the person had vaccinated.