非肉食性鱼类饲料中用动植物蛋白源替代鱼粉的研究进展

Current status of dietary fishmeal replacement research for non-carnivorous fish species

鱼粉的全球性缺乏已成为制约水产增养殖业可持续发展的重要影响因素。作者综述了近年来在非肉食性鱼类日粮中用动植物蛋白源替代鱼粉方面的研究成果,对替代后造成的负面影响(生产性能下降,生理和免疫机能降低,肉质品质劣化等)进行了总结,并对其原因和对策进行了归纳、分析和探讨,旨在为非肉食性鱼类低鱼粉乃至无鱼粉日粮的开发提供思路和基础资料。

The unstable fishmeal supply has become the bottleneck of the global aquaculture practice. Although there has been extensively studied in the field of dietary fishmeal replacement, most researches focused on the marine carnivorous species. Aiming to the potential application of animal and plant protein sources for non - carnivorous fish, the present paper summarized the negative effects caused by the dietary fishmeal replacement practice, such as retarded growth performance, poor physiological and immunological status, and low fillets quality. On the other hand, the possible approaches, including the application of amino acids product, functional addictives into the diet to improve the pattern of dietary amino acid composition, acceptance and digestive character of the diet, also the physiological function of hepatopanerease and liver, etc, were also discussed. It is mentioned that the study about the dietary fishmeal replacement for non - carnivorous fish species served as an important way for the sustainable progress of aquaculture.