失落的音声——巴人旋律探踪

The Lost Singing——Search for the Source of Musical Rhythm of the Ba Nationality

旋律是音乐三大要素之一,生动活泼的音乐艺术形象离不开旋律。古代巴人的音乐旋律以羽调式为主,其次是商调式,角调式偶有出现,但并不是一种主要的旋律调式。巴人羽、商旋律调式的形成与其生活的社会与自然环境有着密切的联系。在三千多年的传承中,由于历史的久远、文献资料的局限以及记谱法的滞后等客观因素的存在,造成了巴人音乐旋律的遗失,只有地处偏远的武陵山区巴人后裔土家族的歌舞音乐中还保存有这种古乐的旋律因素。

Rhythm is one of the three elements of music and the vivid image of musical art cannot be separated from rhythm. The musical rhythms of the ancient Ba nationality were mainly the Yu rhythmical pattern and then the shang rhythmical pattern. The Jiao rhythmical pattern appeared at random hut was not a main pattern. The formation of the Yu and Shang Rhythmical pattern was closely connected with their society and natural environment. In more than three thousand years,the objective factors such as far-off history,the limit of documents and materials,backward record of music score notations,and others have made the musical rhythms of the Ba Nationality lost and only some rhythmical elements of these ancient music are only kept in the music and dances of the Tujia Nationality, successors of the Ba nationality in the remote border of Wuling mountainous area.