洋葱新品种“昌激07-9”的激光诱变选育

Laser Mutation Breeding of New Onion Variety "Changji 07-9"

[目的]采用激光诱变选育高产优良的洋葱新品种。[方法]以日本黄皮洋葱"96203"为育种材料,采用CO2激光的5种剂量(2、5、8、11、13 s)分别辐照"96203"的湿种子,从激光辐照的变异后代中选育出高产、优质、多抗、适应性较强的黄皮洋葱新品种(系)"昌激07-9",并进行区试和生产试验。[结果]黄皮洋葱"昌激07-9"的生育期为197 d,早期抽薹率为8.9%,具有生长势强,辛辣味淡,肉质好,鳞茎较大,产量较高,不易分球,抗病性强,耐贮藏等特点。经专家组实地验收产量达176 437.5 kg/hm2,属黄皮洋葱经专家正式验收的全国最高产量。[结论]黄皮洋葱"昌激07-9"具有产量高、抗病性强、耐贮藏等优点,适宜在西昌等地大面积推广。

[Objective] The aim was to breed new good onion varieties with high yield by using laser mutation. [Method] With Japanese yellow-peel onion ＂96203＂ as breeding materials, the wet seeds of ＂96203＂ were exposed to CO2 laser at five different dosages of 2, 5, 8, 11, 13 s, resp. A new yellow-peel onion variety ＂Changji 07-9＂ with high yield, high quality, multi-resistance and stronger adaptability was bred out from the variation progenies of ＂96203＂ irradiated by laser, and regional tests and production tests were carried out. [ Result] The growth period of the yellow onion ＂Changji 07-9＂ was 197 d and the early bolting rate was 8.9%. ＂Changji 07-9＂ had the characteristics of strong growth potential, spicy tasteless, good quality, larger bulb, high yield, strong resistance and long storage without bulb separation. It got the yield of 176 437.5 kg/hm^2 through acceptance on the spot by the expert team, which was the highest yield of yellow-peel onion accepted formally by experts in China. [ Conclusion ] The yellow onion ＂Changii 07-9＂ had the characteristics of high yield, strong resistance and long storage, which was suitable to be extended in large area in places such as Xichang.