填埋垃圾稳定化进程的光谱学特性表征

Spectroscopic Characterization Indicator of Landfill in the Process of Stabilizing

采用光谱分析技术,对4个不同填埋年限垃圾提取出的水溶性有机物(DOM)进行了研究,探讨DOM的荧光和紫外光谱变化特征在填埋场稳定度表征中应用的可能性。荧光光谱显示:填埋0年垃圾DOM以类蛋白物质为主,而填埋1,5,10年垃圾DOM以类腐殖质物质为主,并且随着填埋龄的延伸其紫外区和可见光区荧光峰强度的比值r(A,C)及荧光指数f450/500呈下降趋势;DOM的紫外吸收光谱也表明,随着填埋年限的延伸填埋垃圾DOM的分子量增大,腐殖化程度加强,单位水溶性有机物浓度DOM的254 nm紫外吸收值SUVA随着填埋龄呈上升趋势,但DOM在465及665 nm吸光度值的比E4/E6随填埋龄的变化规律不明显。因此,填埋垃圾DOM的r(A,C),f450/500及SUVA值可以有效地表征填埋场和填埋垃圾的稳定化进程。

In the present study, dissolved organic matter （DOM） extracted from landfill of four different ages was studied with fluorescence and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy in order to explore the possibility of using spectral characteristic changes of DOM as stabilization indicators for landfill. The three-dimensional fluorescence excitation-emission matrix spectroscopy （EEM） displayed that DOM of 0-year-old contained mainly protein-like matter, while DOM extracted from 1, 5 and 10-year old consisted chiefly of humic matter-like substance, and the intensity change of DOM of 1, 5 and 10-year old landfill was disordered. Besides, the fluorescence spectroscopy also showed that the r（A,C） value and the fluorescence index f450/500 of DOM of four different years both decreased with landfill age, which indicated that the low molecular weight fraction of DOM was translated into the high molecular aromatic matter and the degree of humification was enhanced with the time increasing. In addition, the specific ultraviolet-visible absorbance （SUVA） increased with landfill age, which also revealed the law that the degree of humification strengthened with the time increasing, but the change regularity of E4/E6 value of DOM was unconspicuous since the E4/E6 value was easily impacted by some other factors. Therefore, the r（A.C）value, the fluorescence index f450/500 and the SUVA value of DOM extracted from aged refuse reflected effectively the law of how landfill changed, and could be employed as simple stabilization indicators for aged refuse and closed landfill compartments.