中国军人适应不良量表常模的建立及其结果分析

Establishment of national norm of mental maladjustment scale for servicemen

目的建立军人适应不良自评量表常模,为军事心理学研究提供参考资料。方法采用随机整群抽样法抽取16 800名军人,以《军人适应不良自评量表》进行测评,数据结果应用t检验、方差分析进行统计学处理。结果陆、海、空三军适应不良部分因子分及总分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中空军适应状况最好,陆军次之,海军最差;女性军人的总体适应状况优于男性军人(P<0.01);士兵的适应状况优于军官(P<0.05)。据此分别建立了中国军人适应不良量表的总体常模及军兵种、性别、军官和士兵常模。结论《军人适应不良自评量表》信度、效度较好。所建立的总体常模、军兵种常模、性别常模、军官和士兵常模对军队人才选拔、新兵适应性障碍筛查等都具有重要价值。

Objective To formulate a military mental maladjustment norm for military personnel by means of the Military Mental Maladjustment Scale, and to provide reference materials for the research on psychology of Chinese servicemen. Methods Random cluster sampling was used to select the samples. Sixteen thousand and eight hundred servicemen of the Chinese Army were involved in the present study, and the data were analyzed with ANOVA analysis and t analysis. Results Significant differences in the mental maladjustment of servicemen were found in the armed forces （P〈0.05）, genders （P〈0. 01） and between soldiers and officers （P〈0. 05）. （1） In regard to different armed services, the mental adaptive status was found to decrease in the following order： air force, land force and navy. （2） Concerning the ranks, the mental adaptive status of soldiers was better than that of the officers （P〈0.05）. （3） As to the genders, female soldiers showed better mental adaptive status compared with male soldiers （P〈0. 01）. Accordingly, 4 norms of the Military Mental Maladjustment Scale were founded, including the whole norm, the service norm, the gender norm and the rank norm. Condusions Through a series of tests, it has been proved that the Military Mental Maladjustment Scale is reliable and valid. The norms founded in present study can be considered as the objective criteria for the assessment of mental maladjustment in soldiers, and will be a useful reference of psychological assistance in assorting the military talent and screening the recruits adjustment disorder.