水胶体敷料防治浅静脉损伤的动物实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON HYDROGEL DRESSING IN VEIN INJURY PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

目的探讨水胶体敷料防治浅静脉损伤的效果,为其临床应用提供实验依据。方法健康日本大耳白兔24只,兔耳无畸形,体重(2.15±0.15)kg,以20%甘露醇(2.5mL/kg)耳缘静脉滴注5min,每天2次,每次间隔6h,共注射2d,制备双侧兔耳缘静脉损伤模型。随机将其分为3组,水胶体敷料组(A组)、25%MgSO4组(B组)和空白对照组(C组),每组8只。A、B组输液完成后5min内分别于注射部位贴敷水胶体敷料和涂抹25%MgSO4,C组输液完成后不予处理。末次输液后24h取兔耳缘静脉组织标本,行HE染色组织学观察,参考庞溯摈等和辛燕飞等评价标准进行静脉损伤程度评价,包括血管壁损伤、血管周围出血、炎性细胞浸润和循环障碍4项指标。结果兔耳缘静脉损伤造模完成后各组均出现不同程度血管增粗。HE染色示:A、B组兔耳缘静脉血管壁轻度受损,血管周围组织无明显出血,血管壁及周围组织存在炎性细胞浸润、管腔内淤血;C组静脉血管壁损伤明显,血管周围组织片状出血、炎性细胞浸润、管腔内重度淤血;B、C组血栓形成,血流仍通畅。血管壁损伤和血管周围出血程度组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);炎性细胞浸润和循环障碍程度以C组最严重,与A、B组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),A、B组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论水胶体敷料对防治甘露醇引起的兔浅静脉损伤有一定效果。

Objective To observe the efficacy of hydrogel dressings in preventing and treating vein injury of rabbits so as to provide a experimental evidence for clinical application. Methods Twenty-four healthy large-eared Japanese rabbits （48 ears） were choosen, weighing （2.15 ± 0.15） kg, and divided into 3 groups randomly. The vein injury models were made by intravenously infusing 20% mannite （2.5 mL/kg）. The sites of puncture were treated with hydrogel dressings （group A, n=8） and 25%MGSO4 （group B, n=8） 5 minutes after infusion. The sites of puncture were not treated as a blank control （group C, n=8）. The tissue specimens were collected from the auricular veins at 24 hours after mannite infusion for histological observation by HE staining. The injury of the vessel wall, hemorrhage around the vessels, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and disturbance of circulation were observed to evaluate the injury degree of vein. Results There existed redness and congestion in the injured veins of each group. HE staining showed that in both groups A and B, the vessel wall was slightly injured and hemorrhage around the vessel was mild. There existed infiltration of inflammatory cells in the vessel wall and surrounding tissues. There also existed congestion and thrombus in the vessel lumen in these two groups. While in group C, the injury of vessel wall was severe, and schistic bleeding in the surrounding tissue of the vessel was existed. The severe congestion and thrombus in the vessel lumen was observed. There was no significant difference among three groups in the extent of vein wall injury and hemorrhage around the vessel （P 〉 0.05）. The degree of infiltration of inflammatory cells and circulatory disturbance in both groups A and B were significantly less than that of group C （P 〈 0.05）; but there was no significant difference between groups A and B （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Hydrogeldressing is helpful to prevent vein injury of rabbits induced by mannite.