中国城市居民用水定价结构分析

Pricing structure for domestic water use in China

城市居民用水水价定价机制的改革已成为国际上的热门研究领域,设计更合理的价格结构比仅仅依靠单纯的费率调整更能够改变居民的消费习惯和消费数量。本文从水费计收的结构分析入手,系统分析了目前城市居民用户用水收费4种主要方式和价格结构设计。以哈尔滨市某县东水厂的居民用水相关数据为实例,探讨设计合理的水价价格结构,以期通过水资源价格的调整来实现可持续用水的总体目标。

Reform of pricing system for domestic water consumption has become an international hot topic. Optimized pricing structure is able to change the consumption habit and water use of users, which is better than purely depends on tariff adjustment. The current four types of water charges and structure design of domestic users are examined systematically from the structure of water charge collection. Taking the data of domestic water users of a water plant in Harbin City as an example, the optimized structure of water price is discussed. The objective is to realize overall target of sustainable utilization of water by means of adjustment of water prices.