医患双方对沟通认知状况的调查分析与对策

Investigation and strategy for the status quo on comunication and cognition in the two sides of doctors and patients

目的了解医患双方对医患沟通的认知现状,分析存在问题,给出对策。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,发放患者及医务人员调查问卷400份,收回有效问卷384份。对问卷运用SPSS等软件进行统计学分析处理。结果医患双方对医患关系重要性的认知一致,而对目前状况和障碍主要因素,对医患沟通障碍的责任主体、有效提高医患沟通能力方式的认知状况均存在着显著性差异。结论医患双方对医患沟通的认知差异是建立和谐医患关系的主要障碍之一。最主要的3个障碍因素是医患信任度、医方态度及患者要求过高。树立"以人为中心"的宗旨,努力提高医务人员人文修养;加强医务人员的沟通技能培训;开展健康教育,缩小医患医学知识差距可以缩减医患双方认知差异。

Objective To understand the currently cognitive situation of doctor-patient communication between the doctors and the patients, to analyze the current problems, to give the discussion and strategy. Methods The self- designed 400 questionnaires were handed out to patients and medical staff, the 384 valid questionnaires returned. The SPSS software was used for the statistical analysis of these questionnaires. Results Between doctors and patients are coincidence in the cognition in the importance of the physician-patient relationship. There was statistically significant difference in the current state and the main obstacles factors, in the cognitive situation of the main responsibility body of of the main obstacles at doctor-patient communication and in the cognitive situation to improve doctor-patient communicative skills with effective methods. Conclusions and Countermeasures The cognitive differences, which the doctors and patients to know the doctor-patient communication, is the one of the most obstacles to build a harmonious doctorpatient relationship. The most three obstacle-factor are trust between doctors and patients, the attitude of the hospital and doctors and the excessive requirement from patients. To Establish a ＂people-centered＂ purpose and improve the training in personal moral character, to strengthen the communication skills training and to carry out health education and narrow the knowledge gap between doctors and patients are strategies to reduce the cognitive differences between the doctors and patients.