关系契约视野下的婚姻观——对传统婚姻契约观的反思和突破

Marriage under Relations Contract:An Reflection and Breakthrough of Traditional Marriage Contract

关系契约理论突破了传统契约理论的不足,为我们提供了一个全新的视角去看待婚姻的契约属性,为婚姻关系的基本定位和各项规则的设计提供了理论依据。在关系契约视野下,婚姻立法应该鼓励长期承诺、鼓励奉献和互惠、保护信赖利益、避免机会主义、正视社会规范和关系互动中形成的潜在不平等,适应婚姻关系不断变化的特征,建立调整婚姻的弹性机制。婚姻制度的设计应该协调婚姻中的国家干预和个人自治、兼顾当事人的对立和统一,衡平婚姻中的自由和限制,均衡当事人的利益和损失。

The marital relations theory reflects marital consciousness and marital viewpoint, which combines the observation and our pondering of marital culture. Therefore, the marital relations theory always becomes the substantive foundation of marriage system. In this article, the author introduces relations contract theory to marriage law. Under relational contract theory, we should put the social norm and the legal standard in the same connection, handle the process of the marital litigant＇s opposition and unification, coordinates the litigant individual autonomy with the state intervention correctly. Besides, through the design of our legal system, we can distribute the marriage＇s benefit rationally, prevent unequal in dvorce, punish the marriage opportunism behavior, encourage the htigant to have a long - term investment and reciprocal benefit sharing, and finally realize the freedom of marriage and justice.