自然审美“恰当性”问题与中国“借景抒情”传统

The "Property" Question of Nature Aesthetics and Chinese Tradition of Lyric Expression Through Scenery

艾伦·卡尔松集中分析了"不恰当"自然审美欣赏的三种表现:形式主义趣味、艺术地对待自然和分不清自然之所似与所是。他提出"恰当"自然审美欣赏的总体原则是"如其本然"地欣赏自然,具体途径则是求助于科学知识的帮助。依据艾伦.卡尔松关于"恰当"自然审美欣赏的原则反思中国古代自然审美传统,我们发现了其深刻的内在矛盾:形式发达而基本薄弱,发达的"借景抒情"传统是对自然的功利主义态度,它成全了诗画艺术,削弱了对自然本身的独立、深入欣赏。

Allen Carlson makes an analysis on three indications of improperly natural aesthetics:the taste of formalism; the artistic attitude to nature and no distinguishing of 'to be' and ' appear to be'. He argues that the primary principle of a proper nature aesthetics is appreciation of nature 'as it is'. The concrete way is to look for the help of scientific knowledge. According to his principle of proper nature aesthetics,the paper makes a rethinking of Chinese ancient tradition of nature aesthetics,and finds an inner contradiction:the form was mature while the base was poor. It argues that Chinese mature tradition of lyric expression through scenery is a utilitarian attitude to nature. It improved art of poem and painting,but weakened a kind of independent and deep appreciation of nature itself.