两种土壤背景值下城市绿地凋落物层土壤动物群落结构与动态

Community Structure and Dynamics of Soil Animal in Green Belt Litter from Two Soil Origin in Urban City

为探讨城市系统下不同土壤背景对绿地凋落物土壤动物群落结构的影响,2007年7月至2008年4月对上海外环线(闵行段)土壤背景为农田土和客土的两种绿化带的凋落物土壤动物群落结构进行了调查。共捕获到土壤动物22 189只,隶属3门8纲18目,优势种为蜱螨目,占总数的93.08%,常见类群为弹尾目。不同土壤背景的绿地凋落物中土壤动物群落优势类群与常见类群组成一致,类群数与密度为农田土绿地>客土绿地;凋落物中土壤动物的密度-类群DG值、Shannon-W iener多样性指数(H)、Pielou均匀度指数(E)与Simpson优势度指数(C)为农田土绿地>客土绿地,Margalef丰富度指数(D)与之相反;凋落物土壤动物类群数季节变化为春季=秋季>冬季=夏季,捕获量为秋季>夏季>冬季>春季;土壤pH值、有机碳和总氮含量不同,对凋落物土壤动物捕获量、主要类群及类群数有一定影响。

To study the effect of different .soil origin on community structure of soil animal in green belt litter, the author investigated the soil animals in green belt litter at Shanghai Outer Ring expressway from Jul. 2007 to Apr. 2008, one＇ s soil had been used as farm land and the oth- er one was foreign soil. A total of 22 189 soil animals were collected, belonging to 3 phyla, 8 classes and 18 orders. The dominant groups were Arcarina accounting for 93.08% of the total, and Collembola was the common group. The results indicated that green belt litters with different soils has the same dominant groups and common groups, but soil animal group number and density reduced along a gradient of farmland used soil belt, foreign soil belt. The density-group index（ DG）, Shannon-Wiener（H）,-Pielou（E） and Simpson（C） showed the following pattern： farmland used soil belt 〉 foreign soil belt, Margalef（D） was foreign soil belt 〉 farmland used soil belt. The seasonal change of the total number of soil animals were ranked as ： autumn 〉 summer 〉 winter 〉 spring, while the number of soil animal groups were ranked as： spring = autumn 〉 winter = summer, different pH value and contents of organic carbon（ OC）, total nitrogen （TN） might have impacts on the distribution of soil animals.