印度芥菜对土壤Cd,Pb的吸收富集效应及修复潜力研究

Study on the Effects of Cadmium and Lead Absorption and Accumulation by Brassica juncea and Its Phytoremediation Efficiency

通过盆栽试验对比研究了印度芥菜（Brassica juncea）和油菜对复合污染土壤Cd,Pb的吸收富集效应及修复效率,初步探讨印度芥菜品种Wild Garden Pungent Mix净化重金属污染土壤的应用潜力。结果表明：Cd,Pb复合污染条件下,与油菜相比,印度芥菜对重金属Cd,Pb的抗耐性较强,地上部生物量较大,是同处理油菜的1.1~2.0倍。印度芥菜和油菜对重金属Cd,Pb的吸收富集表现出较为一致的特点,并且对土壤中重金属的吸收能力顺序均为Cd〉Pb,对土壤中Cd的吸收达到了100 mg/kg以上,表现出了超富集植物的特性。但相比之下,印度芥菜对土壤中Cd,Pb的吸收富集能力强于油菜。同时通过多元回归分析表明,两种植物对Cd,Pb的吸收不存在复合效应。本研究中,印度芥菜对Cd的净化率为0.35%~9.22%,是同处理下油菜的2.1~3.5倍;印度芥菜对Pb的净化率只有0.015%~0.356%,虽然是同处理下油菜的1.4~5.5倍,但远小于对Cd的净化率。研究表明,该品种印度芥菜具备应用于修复Cd污染土壤的潜力。

By analysis of Cd and Pb absorption and accumulation with Brassica juncea （Wild Garden Pungent Mix） and oilseed rape and their phytoremediation efficiencies to discuss the application potential of Wild Garden Pungent Mix on purifying heavy metals contaminated soil with pot experiment. The results showed that the variety of Brassica juncea has higher tolerance to Cd and Pb compound contamination than oilseed rape, and its biomasses of shoots were 1.1 times to 2.0 times higher than that of oilseed rape. The characteristics of Cd and Pb absorption and accumulation by the two plants are uniform, and the abilities of absorption and accumulation of the two plants to heavy metals were all in the order Cd〉Pb. Especially the amounts of Cd accumulated by the two plants have gone up to more than 100 mg/kg. However, relatively speaking, the abilities of absorption and accumulation of Brassica juncea to Cd and Pb were stronger than that of oilseed rape. It was also indicated that there were no compound effects on Cd and Pb absorption and accumulation of the two plants through multiple regression analysis. The purification rates of Brassica juncea to Cd were 0.35% to 9.22%, which were 2.1 times to 3.5 times higher than that of rape. Meanwhile, the purification rates of Brassica juncea to Pb were only 0. 015% to 0. 356%, which were 1.4 times to 5.5times higher than that of rape. The purification rate of Brassica juncea to Cd was higher than Pb. In general, the variety of Brassica juncea has a great application potential to remediate Cd contaminated soil.