张家界国家森林公园金鞭溪河段大鲵栖息地特征

Habitat characteristics of Chinese giant salamander in Golden Whip Stream of Zhangjiajie National Forest Park,China

为进一步保护和改善张家界国家森林公园野生大鲵的栖息环境，增殖大鲵野生资源提供依据，于2008年8叫月对公园境内大鲵（Andrias davidianus）的栖息地——金鞭溪河段的现状进行了调查，从大鲵的隐蔽物、水质与饵料生物3个方面进行定量分析。结果表明：金鞭溪河段由石质性河底与河岸组成，两岸坡度大（82°±3°），两岸植被盖度大（93％±3％），水流速度较大[（0．36±0．15）m·s^-1]，人为干扰中等，有一定数量洞穴（5～7个·200m^-1）；水质清澈，浊度6°～8°，溶解氧高（6．61—8．11mg·L^-1），化学耗氧量较低（7．15～9．69mg·L^-1）；大鲵饵料生物较丰富，饵料生物总量平均密度为（51107±9198）mg·m^-2；金鞭溪现具有大鲵自然生长所需生态条件，可以在此进行大鲵增殖放流。

In order to provide basis for further protecting and improving the habitat quality of Chinese giant salamander （Andrias davidianus） in the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park and to increase the wild resource of A. davidianus, an investigation was conducted in Gold Whip Stream from August to September in 2008 to quantitatively analyze the covert, water quality, and food resources in the stream. This stream is composed of lithoid bottom and bank, and has big bank gradient （82° ±3°） , high vegetation coverage （93% ±3% ） and water velocity[ （0. 36 ±0. 15） m · s^-1 ] , and definite amounts of dens （5-7 dens · 200 m^-1 ）, with moderate anthropogenic interferences. Its water quality is good with low nepheloid （6°-8°） , high DO （6. 61-8. 11 mg · L^-1）, and low COD （7.15-9. 69 mg · L^-1 ）. The average density of food organisms in the stream is （51107 ± 9198 ） mg · m^-2 All the habitat characteristics suggested that Gold Whip Stream could satisfy the growth of A. davidianus, being a suitable place for increasing the wild resource of the Chinese giant salamander.