精神分裂症患者心理防御机制调查分析

A survey on mental defence mechanism of schizophrenics

目的探讨缓解期精神分裂症患者防御方式的差异。方法应用防御方式问卷对120名精神分裂症患者进行防御机制的测定，并依据性别、年龄、文化程度、总病程、临床分型的不同对患者进行分组对比。结果不同性剐之闻成熟防御机制存在差异（P〈0．05），其中女性更倾向于升华、压抑（P〈0．05）。不同年龄之间成熟防御机制存在差异（P〈0．05），其中〉45岁者更倾向于压抑、幽默（P〈0．01，P〈0．05）；中间型防御机制存在差异（P〈0．05），其中〉45岁者更倾向于解除、制止、否认、消耗倾向（P〈0．05）。不同文化程度、不同起病年龄、不同总病程、不同临床类型之间四种因子均未发现明显差异。结论四种防御机制中的成熟防御机制存在性别差异（P〈0．05）、年龄差异（P〈0．05），中间型防御机制存在年龄差异（P〈0．05）。

Objective To explore the difference in defence styles in patients with remission of schizophrenia. Methods The defence mechanism was measured in 120 schizophrenics by Defence Style Questionnaire. The data was analysed according to gender, age, degree of culture, course of disease, and clinical classification. Results Regarding to the mature defence mechanism, the score of sublimation and oppression in females was significantly higher than that in males （P 〈0.05）, the score oppression and humour in patients over 45 years old was remarkably higher than patients under 45 years old （P 〈0. 05）. As to middle--type defence mechanism, the score of relieve, refrain, deny and tendency of depletion in patients over 45 years old was higher than that in patients under 45 years old. Conclusions There were gender and age differences in mature defence mechanism, and age difference in middle-- type defence mechanism in patients with remission of schizophrenia.