新进入缺陷、合法化战略与新企业成长

Liability of Newness, Legitimizing Strategies and Growth of New Ventures

由于新进入缺陷和资源禀赋有限,新企业的生存是一个独特的成长问题,也是创业研究的核心问题。制度学派对合法性的研究揭示了新企业成长过程是一个合法化的过程。本文在比较内部资源成长、网络化成长和合法化成长理论基础上,认为合法化成长论是解释新企业成长的重要理论;并在梳理合法性、合法化战略与新企业成长关系等国外合法性理论基础上,提出基于合法性多层次与合法化战略相匹配的新企业合法化成长模型。本文最后指出在中国情境下合法性视角对创业研究与实践的意义及未来值得研究的方向:包括(1)合法性与创业、创新关系;(2)合法化战略、策略与资源整合;(3)合法化研究的情境嵌入等。

The survival and growth of new ventures has always been the focus of entrepreneurship studies. Legitimacy perspective in institutional theories, regarding the process of growth of new ventures as a process of legitimization, can be used to explain ＂the liability of newness＂, the failure of entrepreneurship and the growth of new ventures. Comparing Penrose＇s growth theory of internal resources, network growth theory and the growth theory of legitimization, this paper argues that growth theory of legitimization is an important explanation for new ventures. Then this paper presents a review of the legitimacy theory in terms of its definition, dimensions, the relationship between legitimization strategy and new venture growth, etc., suggests growth model based the fitness of legitimacy levels and legitimization strategy and proposes several research directions of the application of legitimacy theory in Chinese context： （1） the relationship of legitimacy with entrepreneurship and innovation; （2） legitimizing strategies, tactics and resource integration; and （3） the contextual fitness in legitimacy studies, etc.