代表人诉讼抑或集团诉讼——我国群体诉讼制度的选择

Representative Action or Group Action——China's Choice of Group Litigation System

在探讨我国群体诉讼制度的未来走向时,争议较大的是关于是否应该弃代表人诉讼而代之以美国集团诉讼的问题。对此,笔者的观点是,在对集团诉讼的负面作用缺乏充分的认识,在对集团诉讼的理论和实证研究都还远远不够,在缺乏集团诉讼的配套机制以及对集团诉讼的难题和危险没有任何准备,在我国的诉讼机能没有完成扩张的情况下,主张引入集团诉讼只能是一种理论探讨,还远不足以上升到立法层面。根据我国的现实情况,在目前和今后很长一段时期内,我国都不具有引进集团诉讼的必要性和可行性。对于群体纠纷,我们应保留现有的代表人诉讼制度这种集合的、具体的处理方式。

In discussing the future of the group litigation system in China one of the main issues is whether China should replace representative action with American group action. This paper argues that group action must be confined to theoretical discussion and is far from legislative consideration because of inadequate knowledge of its negativeeffects,insufficient theoretical and positive research on it,lack of supporting mechanisms and preparations against hard issues and risks and the fact that the litigation mechanism has not yet finished its expansion. On the basis of China's present conditions and a long time to follow it is unnecessary and unfeasible to bring in group action. In terms of group disputes we should keep the present representative action as a collective and concrete method.