施用钾肥对食用百合光合作用、产量和经济效益的影响

Effect of potassium nutrition on photosynthesis and yield and economic benefit of edible lily

研究了不同钾肥用量对食用百合光合作用、产量和经济效益的影响。结果表明：在0-81 kg/hm^2的范围增施K2O能明显提高食用百合叶片的净光合速率和气孔导度,在一定程度上可以降低食用百合叶片的蒸腾速率和胞间CO2浓度;在此范围内,增施钾肥也能使茎秆粗壮,可以有效地促进株高的增加,促进食用百合的现蕾和开花,明显提高其产量和经济效益。与对照相比,施用纯K2O 81 kg/hm^2时,食用百合的净光合速率提高最多,提高19.3%,鳞茎的鲜重、干重和产量也增加最多,分别增加14.2%、25.0%和14.2%,经济效益最高,与其它钾肥处理相比,最高可以提高4倍多。在本试验范围内,食用百合的田间适施钾量（K2O）为81 kg/hm^2。

Study was made on the effect of potassium nutrition on yield and photosynthesis and economic benefit of edible lily.The result showed that net photosynthetic rate（Pn） and stomatal conductance（Gs） in leaves of edible lily increased notably and transpiration rate（Tr）and intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci）in leaves of edible lily decreased with application of potassium fertilizer within the range of 0～81 kg/hm^2.The stem width and height were significantly increased.The anthesis was ahead of time.The edible lily bulb＇s yield and economic benefit were increased, too. Compared with CK, when the application rate of K2O reached 81.0 kg/hm^2, the net photosynthetic rate, fresh weight, dry weight, yield and economic benefit of edible lily increased by 19.3%, 14.2%, 25.0%, 14.2%, and 4 times respectively. And under this application rate, both the yield and net photosynthetic rate and economic benefit of edible lily were the highest. The optimum fertilizer potassium level was 81 kg/hm^2 in this study.