315例鼻咽癌患者临床特点分析

Analysis on Clinical Characteristics of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma:A Report of 315 cases

目的：分析鼻咽癌的临床特点。方法：回顾性分析2006年3月至2008年4月在我院初诊治疗的315例鼻咽癌患者临床病理资料。结果：315例鼻咽癌患者中男∶女比为2.28∶1,高发年龄40岁-60岁,病理类型以低分化鳞癌为主,占97.46%,Ⅰ期病例占1.9%,Ⅱ期占33.33%,Ⅲ期占35.56%,Ⅳ期占29.20%。315例病例中117例以单类症状就诊占37.14%。315例病例就诊时各类症状的出现率依次为颈部包块57.14%、鼻部症状51.43%、耳部症状39.05%、头痛26.03%;首发症状依次为颈部包块40.95%、鼻部症状37.46%、耳部症状25.71%、头痛17.14%;就诊原因依次为颈部包块、鼻部症状、耳鸣耳闷塞、头痛。结论：鼻咽癌临床表现复杂多样且不典型易被忽视,出现以上症状者应考虑到鼻咽癌的可能性。

Objective： To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Methods： The clinical pathological data of 315 preliminary cases with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in our hospital from March 2006 to April 2008 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. Results： In all cases, 219 were male, 96 were female, the ratio was 2.28：1. The peak age was 40-60 years old and 97.46% of all cases were low differential squamous cell carcinoma. Within all cases, 1.9% were Stage Ⅰ, 33. 33% were Stage Ⅱ , 35.56% were Sage Ⅲ and 29.20% were Stage Ⅳ. In 315 cases, 117 cases（37.14% ） presented only one symptom when diagnosed. The discomfort presented when examined were cervical mass（57.14% ） ,nasal symtoms（51.34% ）, otologieal symtoms（39.05% ） and headache（26.03% ）. The symtoms firstly noticed by patients were cervical mass（40.95% ） ,nasal symptoms （37.46%）, otological symptoms（25.71% ） and headache（ 17.14% ）. Symptoms which made patients visit a doctor were cervical mass, nasal symptoms, tinnitus and earplug, headache in sequence. Conclusion： The clinical presentation of NPC is complex and atypical. A patient with any symptom of the above should be considered with the possibility of suffering from NPC.