鲍氏不动杆菌的临床分布特征及耐药性分析

Antibiotics Resistance and Distribution of Clinical Strains of Acinetobacter baumannii

目的探讨鲍氏不动杆菌医院感染分布特点及耐药性。方法常规细菌培养方法,细菌鉴定采用法国生物梅里埃公司VITEK32全自动细菌鉴定仪,药敏试验采用琼脂纸片扩散法。结果鲍氏不动杆菌最常出现在痰标本中,占78.64%,其次是分泌物(9.62%)和尿液(6.81%),鲍氏不动杆菌感染以重症监护病房最多(29.58%),其次是呼吸科病房(21.36%);该菌耐药现象严重,耐药率较低的抗菌药物是含酶抑制剂如头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(22.14%)、碳青酶烯类药物如美罗培南(32.95%)、亚胺培南(33.04%)等。结论鲍氏不动杆菌在临床的多药耐药呈上升趋势,因此对鲍氏不动杆菌应进行规范的连续的耐药监测,及早发现耐药菌株,调整治疗方案。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the clinical distribution and resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii. METHODS The bacteria were identified by BioMerieux VITEK32. Susceptibility was tested by Kirby-Bauer method. RESULTS Among specimens from which A. baumannii was examined, sputum accounted for 78. 64%, secretion （9.62%） and urine （6.81%）. A. baumannii was mainly distributed at ICU ward （29.58%） and then was respiratory ward （21.36%）. The resistance of A. baumannii was serious . The antibiotic drugs which had the low resistance were 13-1actam /β-lactamase inhibitor combinations such as sulperazone （22.14%） and carbapenems such as meropenem （32. 95%）, imipenem （33. 04%） , and so on. CONCLUSIONS The infecton of multi-drug resistant A. baumannii has increasing tendency. Therefore monitoring A. baumannii constantly and regularly, finding out resistant strains timely and adjusting the treatment methods are very important for the prevention of nosocomial infection.