二元经济结构、劳动力报酬差异与城乡统筹发展——基于中国1978～2007年的实证分析

Dual Economic Structure,Labor Force Reward Differential and Balanced Urban-Rural Development:Base on Evidence from 1978 to 2007

文章吸收了二元经济理论、新兴古典主义和新经济地理学关于城乡发展基本思想,构建了一个传统农业与现代产业存在报酬差异的两部门模型来分析城乡劳动力流动机制和城乡统筹发展,并以中国改革30年的经验检验了理论模型的主要结论。认为城乡分割的政策因素导致城市化长期滞后于工业化,不利于大中小城市协调发展的城市层级结构形成,以"农民工"身份进入现代产业的劳动者不能获得全部的要素报酬导致改革中城乡收入差距不断扩大,进而限制了城乡统筹发展。

With reference to the thoughts of urban and rural development from Dual Economic Theory,Neoclassical Economics and New Economic Geography,we construct a two-sector model to analyze the labor force mobility mechanism and urban-rural development. We test this model by using time series data of China from 1978-2007. It concludes that because of the urban-biased policies,China's urbanization has lagged behind industrialization,and therefore coordinative development of cities with different sizes is hard to realize and 'migrant workers'cannot receive full labor reward,which has widened the urban-rural gap in the reforming process and led to unbalanced urban-rural development.