不同齿身锥度和合金头直径截齿的截割试验

Cutting experiment of the picks with different conicity and carbidetip diameters

为研究不同截齿的截割性能,研制了5种不同形状的截齿;并在自制的截割试验台上对5种截齿进行试验,分析了不同截齿截割产生的采煤机滚筒扭矩的最大值、最小值、均值、方差等参数;对截落煤岩的块度进行分级处理,研究不同截齿截割块煤率的大小以及截落煤岩的块度分布规律.分析结果表明:不同形状的截齿,随着截齿合金头直径、齿身锥度的变化,其截割力、块煤率的变化是不同的.阶梯型截齿随着齿尖合金头直径减小、齿身锥度增大,其截割力减小、载荷波动增大、块煤率下降;齿身锥度、合金头大小与截齿截割力的关系服从指数分布,截割煤岩的块度也服从指数分布.对于锥型截齿,当齿身锥度较大、合金头较小时,其截割力较小、载荷波动较小、块煤率较大.

To study the cutting property of the different picks, five type picks were developed. Based on this, the experiments of cutting property of the five different picks were carried on the cutting testbed of the coal and rock, and the statistic （the maximum, the minimum, the mean, the variance） of the cutting torques of the five picks were analyzed. The cut particles were graded for studying the lump coal percentage of the different picks, and the law of the cutting lumps distribution was studied. The results indicate that the cutting force and the lump coal percentage are change along with the changes of the carbidetip diameter and pick conicity for different types picks. The load fluctuation increases, the cutting force and the lump coal percentage decrease along with the decreasing of the carbidetip diameter and the increasing of the pick conicity for the step picks. The relation of the cutting force and the pick conicity and the carbidetip diameter obeys index distribution, and the law of the cutting lumps distribution obeys index distribution. When the pick conicity is bigger and the carbidetip diameter is smaller, the cutting force is smaller, the load fluctuation is smaller and the lump coal percentage is bigger for the coniform picks.