解读返乡农民工:一个长期视角——基于河北5县农户的调查与思考

The Review of Farmer Workers Back to the Rural in View of Long-term:Evidence From 5 Counties of Hebei Province

本文采用长期视角分析了农民工返乡的制度背景,研究发现农民工务工收入主要是维持农村社会生活,农民工始终未能脱离原有的农村社会结构。基于上述原因,此次金融海啸下的中国农民工返乡与其他国家"农村-城市"人口流动模式不同,农民工始终属于"非正式就业",失业后存在返乡激励。长期来看,解决农民工返乡就业的关键是调整产业结构,使农民工获得"人力资本红利"。

The paper analyses the institutional reasons that farmer workers in China have happened to be back to the rural in a long-term frame. We have found that the income earned by farmer workers is spent on maintaining the rural life. Farmer workers have never been away from the rural social system. So their flowing back to villages in China is totally different with the population flowing from villages to cities in other countries during financial crisis. Farmer workers are always informally employed, once they lose jobs, they have to go home. In the long run, the solutions to stop the flowing back to villages should focus on the adjustment of industrial structure and payment of ＂human capital benefit＂ to them.