肘关节三维有限元模型的建立及意义

Establishment of the three dimensional finite element model of the elbow joint and its significance

目的建立肘关节三维有限元模型,并验证其在分析肘关节应力分布中的价值。方法选取1名正常成年男性为研究对象,使其左肘关节处于旋前伸直位,行螺旋CT断层扫描,得到CT数据二维图像,采用Mimics10.0软件系统处理,利用Abaqus6.7建立肘关节三维有限元模型,模拟施加1000N冲击载荷,分析冠状突及桡骨小头内应力分布情况。结果所构建的肘关节三维有限元模型共129341单元。在腕部冲击载荷作用下,肘关节矢状面显示尺桡骨出现纵向移位及以关节间隙为轴心的旋转(即尺骨冠状突中上部应力集中),并随肘关节屈曲逐渐增强;冠状面显示桡骨小头处出现较明显的应力集中、强于冠状突,但此现象随肘关节屈曲及旋后逐渐减弱。结论本研究建立的肘关节三位有限元模型与人体解剖实际相符,此为临床肘关节疾病的诊治提供了新的思路;肘关节的稳定还涉及到周围侧副韧带维持及肌肉的牵拉,模型有待进一步完善。

Objective To establish three dimensional finite element model of the elbow joint,and to test its value in the analysis of stress distribution.Methods One normal adult male was choosed,and his left elbow joint performed in pronation and extention position was scanned by spinal CT,and the two-dimensional image was dealed with Mimics 10.0 software,the three-dimensional finite element model was built up by Abaqus 6.7 software.Finite element calculation was performed to simulate the impact of 1 000 N on the elbow joint,and the stress distribution in the radial head and coronoid were analyzed.Results There were 129,341 units in the three-dimensional finite element model of the elbow.when given impact loading at the wrist,the ulna and radius showed longitudinal shift and rotation with the axis of joint space in sagittal plane,and became strongly with the flexion of elbow;the radial head appeared more pronounced stress concentration in the coronal plane,and weakened gradually with the flexion of elbow.Conclusions The finite element model of the elbow joint accords with the actual human anatomy,and can provide new way for the diagnosis and treatment of elbow joint diseases;stabilization of elbow joint is related to the maintenance of collateral ligaments and myotasis.