岩溶洞穴旅游资源特性与开发保护

THE CHARACTERISTICS AND PROTECTION OF KARST CAVE TOURISM RESOURCES

溶洞旅游资源是一类位于地下的特殊景观资源，具有五大特征：（１）不可再生性但可永续利用；（２）资源旅游功能上的不可替代性；（３）在岩溶分布区具遍在性和景观自身的雷同性；（４）因属环境脆弱性资源，故旅游开放后表现出高度变异性；（５）存在旅游生命周期律。在溶洞资源开发中，必须做好四个环节方面的工作，即：（１）调查、研究、评价；（２）科学规划；（３）合理开发利用；（４）有效保护和管理。此外，对在溶洞资源开发中的近邻互斥效应和立法保护问题，文中也进行了讨论。

As a specific underground landscape resources, the karst cave tourism resources possess five characteristics,that is (1) being non renewable resources but ever lasting usable; (2) non substitutive in torism function; (3) universal existence and self similarity in karst areas; (4) high variability after opening to tourists; (5) having a periodicity of tourism life. It is important to do four key links well in karst cave resources exploitation, that is, (1) investigation, research and evaluation of karst cave resources; (2) a good scientific planning, (3) retional exploitation, and (4) effective measures of protection and management. In addition, the problems of repelling effect each other between the two neighbour caves and the legislation to protect the cave resources are also discussed.