庸人政治、偏激取向与民主社会的异化

Mediocre Politics,Extreme Trend and the Alienation of Democratic Society

现代社会民主化进程中往往呈现出两种现象:一是庸人往往占据高位,而那些事变创造性人物则越来越为主流社会所遗弃,导致新思想对社会产生作用的时滞越来越长;二是呈现出强烈的极端性和好斗性,那些拥有权力优势的国家和个人更易于实行机会主义。究其原因,这体现了当今民主体制的缺陷和相关条件的不成熟。一者,如果对民主选举的范围和内容不进行界定,那么多数至上规则中获得优胜的往往是基于影响力原则而不是贤能原则;二者,如果社会大众的教育水平没有达到一定程度,那么集体行动往往会呈现出狂热和非理性。

There are two concemful phenomena during the course of democratization in modem society. The first is that mediocre persons often take up high positions and the creative people are abandoned by the mainstream of society, which results that the time lag that new thoughts react on society is becoming longer and longer. The second is that the society is full of extremity and pugnacity, and those countries and peosons who possess dominant power are more prone to opportunism. Obviously, it reflects the drawbacks in democratic system and the immaturity of the corresponding condition today. On one hand, the winner elected by majority role embodies the principle of force but not the principle of sagacity if the scope and content of democratic election don＇ t get demarcated effectively. On the other hand, collectivistic action often presents fanaticism and irrationality if the mass education can not get to a certain degree.