出口偏向型经济增长的要素收益分析——以中美贸易为例

Analysis of Factor Returns in the Biased-Export Economic Growth——Taking Sino-US Trade as an Example

由于要素集聚的偏向性,中国形成出口偏向型经济增长模式。本文以要素禀赋论为基础,分析了中美贸易中资本与劳动的收益状况———资本收益偏高、劳动收益偏低,这也正是中国在国际分工中的地位。这种分工格局一方面是要素集聚模式所致,另一方面是国内一系列制度所为,也是经济全球化的必然结果。提高劳动者素质、改变要素集聚模式、发展现代服务业、取消户籍制,实现要素的自由流动,以及提高劳动者工资性收益是改善中国分工地位,刺激内需,提高要素收益的有效途径。

Based on factor endowment theory, this paper analysed earnings of capital and labor in Sino- US trade, capital gaining much higher than that of labors. This result reflects China＇s position in the international division of labor, which results from both the pattern of factor- gathering on the one hand, and also a series of systems domestically, as well as the inevitable result of economic globalization. Improving the quality of work- ers, changing the mode of factor - gathering, developing modern service industry and withdraw the household registration system to achieve the free movement of elements and raise the wages of workers, all of these are the effective ways to improve the status of China in the international division of labor and stimulate domestic demand and increase the factor returns.