紫粳4x和紫粳2x水稻品系在3个植物学性状上的差异性比较

Difference comparison on three botanical characters of rice strains Zijing 2x and Zijing 4x

以二倍体水稻为对照,从根尖、气孔、花器官性状上,研究了同源四倍体水稻在染色体组加倍后的遗传差异表达.研究结果表明,根尖参数和气孔参数均有了小于50%的增幅;11个花器官性状中,花柱长+柱头长没有达到差异显著性,颖花长宽比达到5%差异显著水平,其余9个性状均达到1%差异显著水平;四倍体水稻的柱头颜色比二倍体的浅,并且呈现一定的色彩梯度;芒的出现也是多倍化后的显著特征,芒的长度及分布也具有一定的特点,长度≤5 mm的最多,枝梗顶端上部颖花的芒较长.

Compared with the diploid rice, this paper researched the post-genetic differential expression of autotetraploid rice in root, stoma and floral organ after genome doubling. The results showed that both root parameters and stoma parameters increased by less than 50%. Among the 11 floral organ characters, style length ＋ stigma length did not reseaeh significant difference level, spikelets ratio of length to width reached 5 % of the significant difference level, and the remaining 9 characters of 11 floral organ characters reached 1% of the significant difference level. The color of stigma in autotetraploid rice, which showed a certain color gradient, was shallower than that was in diploid rice. The emergence of awn was one salient feature after genome doubling. There were some characteristics on the length and distribution of awn. Most of them were less than or equal to 5 mm long. The florets which possessed the longer awn were at the top of branches.