2000-2007年浙江省云和县鼠疫监测结果分析

Surveillance results of plague in Yunhe county,Zhejiang province,2000-2007

目的评价2000-2007年浙江省云和县鼠疫监测结果。方法在原鼠疫流行地区设立固定和流动监测点,开展室内外鼠密度、鼠体蚤和地面游离蚤的监测;并对监测中捕获的活鼠采集脏器样品进行细菌分离培养,同时采鼠血进行鼠疫F1抗体的检测。结果室内、外平均鼠密度分别为3.50%、3.60%;平均染蚤率为8.55%、总蚤指数为0.130;室内、外主要鼠种分别是褐家鼠和黑线姬鼠;鼠体蚤主要为不等单蚤和缓慢细蚤,本地未检获印鼠客蚤。细菌分离培养3551只活鼠,未分离到鼠疫菌;间接血凝试验法检测鼠血清6511份,结果均为阴性;用放射免疫沉淀试验法和金标法检测鼠血清11份,检出1份放射免疫沉淀试验阳性鼠血清。结论通过8年的系统监测,虽未分离到鼠疫菌,但检出放免阳性鼠血清1份,提示云和县可能存在鼠疫的疫情隐患,要加强对鼠疫的监控工作,以防止鼠疫的发生。

Objective To detect plague outbreaks between humans and between animals in a timely manner based on the surveillance of plague in the areas with epidemic history. Methods Fixed and mobile surveillance stations were established in the originally plague-endemic areas to measure the indoor and outdoor density of rats, body fleas of rats and ground free fleas; organ samples were collected from captured live rats for bacteriological isolation and culture, blood samples taken for F1 antibody detection. Results The average indoor and outdoor density was 3. 50% and 3.60%, respectively; the average flea-carrying rate 8.55%, and the total flea index 0.130. The predominant indoor and outdoor species were Rattus norvegicus and Apodemus agrarius, respectively, rat body fleas consisting of Monopsyllus anisus and Cosmopolitan mouse flea. Xenopsylla cheopis was not detected. A total of 3551 live captures were isolated for bacteria, though no Yersinia pestis was identified. Indirect hemagglutination assay of 6511 sera samples also resulted in negative cultures. Radioimmunoprecipitation assay and gold marking suggested a positive serum from in eleven samples. Conclusion Despite negative isolation of Yersinia pestis, the eight-year systematic surveillance identified one RIA-positive serum, suggesting potential risk of plague epidemic in Yunhe county. Therefore, surveillance on plague shall be strengthened in order to prevent the occurrence of plague epidemic.