福建省漳州市成年人高血压及相关危险因素调查研究

Study on prevalence of hypertension and related risk factors among adult population in Zhangzhou

目的研究福建省漳州市成年人高血压流行现状及相关危险因素。方法采用问卷调查和体检方式,对随机抽样的18岁以上成年人5276人进行调查,用非条件logistic回归分析相关危险因素。结果高血压患病率为14.92%(标化率为12.67%),其中1期高血压占68.4%;患病率男性高于女性;城市居民高于农民,农民高于渔民;重体力劳动者、离退休人员、机关企事业干部患病率较高;文化程度越低,患病率越高。主要危险因素有年龄、性别、文化程度、职业(重体力劳动者、离退休人群、机关企事业干部)、高脂血症、饮酒、体育锻炼少、体重指数BMI(超重及肥胖)、高血压家族史,OR值分别为1.46,1.62,2.96,2.36,0.88,3.17,3.65,1.15,3.12,2.74。结论漳州市成年人高血压患病率低于全国平均水平,但仍应加强离退休人群、重体力劳动者、机关企事业干部、文化程度低、长期高脂饮食导致高脂血症人群、以及少运动,超重及肥胖等高血压高发人群的社区健康教育工作,采取相应的干预措施,控制高血压病相关危险因素。

Objective To conduct study on the prevalence of hypertension and the related risk factors among adult population in Zhangzhou. Methods By multistage cluster random sampling, a total of 5276 residents over 18 years old received questionnaire survey and physical examination. Risk factors of hypertension were analyzed by logistic regression. Results The prevalence rate of hypertension was 14.92% （standardized rate 12.67% ）. Phase I hypertension cases accounted for 68.4%. Higher prevalence rates were observed in men than in women, urban residents than in rural residents; farmers than in fishermen, and the prevalence rates in manual workers, the retired and institution staffs were higher. Prevalence rate of hypertension was higher among the people with lower education level. Risk factors for hypertension included age （ OR： 1.46）, sex （ OR： 1.62）, education level （ OR： 2.96）, occupation （ OR： 2.36 ）, preferring fatty food （OR： 0. 88 ）, hypedipidemia （3.17）, alcohol drinking （OR： 3.65 ）, lack of physical exercise （OR. 1.15）, high BMI （OR： 3.12 ）, and family history of hypertension （OR： 2.74）. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension among adult population in Zhangzhou was lower than national level, but health education for the risk populations is still needed to be strengthened, interventions should be taken to control the risk factors of hypertension.