潜艇艇员心理应激的多因素研究

Study of psycho-social factors on mental stress in submariners

目的探讨潜艇艇员心理应激因素。方法用心理社会应激调查表（PSSG）、生活事件量表（LES）、症状白评量表（SCL-90）、卡特尔16种人格因素问卷（16-PF）、特质应对问卷（TCSQ）、领悟社会支持量表（PSSS）和自编睡眠质量弼查表（SSQQ）对437名潜艇艇员进行测评，数据采用SPSS15．0软件包进行统计分析。结果潜艇艇员心理应激水平与生活事件、心理健康、个性、应对方式、社会支持、睡眠质量等有显著相关性。多元逐步同归分析标准回归系数排在前10位的变量依次为：恐怖、偏执、强迫、忧郁、忧虑性、睡眠质量、消极应对、负性家庭事件、家庭支持、怀疑性（标准回归系数依次为-0．243、0．217、0．159、0．158、0．130、-0．122、0．120、0．120、-0．120、0．114）。结论潜艇艇员心理应激受心理健康、个性、睡眠质量、应对方式、生活事件和社会支持的影响，为了提高潜艇艇员心理应激适应能力，应该将这些闲素都纳人到军事应激管理体系之中。

Objective To investigate influential factors of mental stress in submariners. Methods Four hundred and thirty-seven submariners were evaluated with psychosocial stress survey for groups（PSSG） , life event scale （ LES ）, symptom checklist 90 （ SCL-90 ）, Cattell＇ s 16 personality factors test （ 16-PF）, trait coping style questionnaire （TCSQ）, perceived social support scale （PSSS） and self-developed sleep quality questionaire （SSQQ）, Data were analyzed with SPSS15. 0. Results The results showed that significant correlation could be seen between the submariners＇mental stress and life event, mental health, personality, coping style,social support and sleep quality. It was shown that the first 10 variations in the muhiple correlation regression analysis was： phobic anxiety,paranoid ideation,obsessive-compulsive disorder, depression,anxiety, sleep quality,disappearing coping style,negative family events,family support,suspiciousness. These were the main factors that affected mental stress of submariners（ standardized coefficients were -0. 243,0. 217,0. 159, 0. 158,0. 130, -0. 122,0. 120,0. 120, -0. 120,0. 114 in turn）. Conclusions The mental stress of submariners were affected considerably by mental health, personality, sleep quality, coping style, life event and social support. For this reason, all these factors should be put into the whole management system of military stress, so as to improve the adaptability of mental stress in submariners.