甲苯二异氰酸酯吸入诱发小鼠肺损伤

Mice lung injury induced by toluene diisocyanate inhalation

目的：观察甲苯二异氰酸酯（ＴＤＩ）吸入引起的小鼠肺损伤．方法：将３０只小鼠随机分为５组，分别吸入（４．３０±０．６０）ｍｇ／ｍ３ＴＤＩ０ｗｋ～４ｗｋ，每组于吸入结束后行外周血白细胞和支气管肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）的细胞计数与分类，常规取病理及电镜标本．结果：外周血白细胞总数在ＴＤＩ吸入后第２周明显降低，中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞呈波浪性增多与减少，而单核细胞则持续性减少；ＢＡＬＦ中细胞总数在１ｗｋ～３ｗｋ增多，以淋巴细胞为主；病理切片示肺间质增生、水肿，且以弹力纤维及网状纤维增生为主，小气道及血管周围炎性细胞浸润；扫描电镜示气道上皮细胞纤毛脱落，ＴＤＩ吸入早期分泌细胞功能亢进，晚期功能低下，透射电镜示Ⅱ型肺泡上皮及肺毛细血管损伤．

Aim: In order to observe mice lung injury induced by toluene diisocyanate (TDI) inhalation. Methods: Thirty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, by which (4.30± 0.60 ) mg/m 3 TDI were inhaled for 0 wk～4 wk respectively. Peripheral WBC and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cells were counted and classified after the end of inhalation. Pathology and electron microscope samples were treated routinely. Results: Peripheral WBC decreased significantly after the end of two weeks' inhalation. Classification result showed that neutrophils and lymphocytes increased and decreased wavelike, but monocytes decreased continually. BALF cells, in which lymphocytes were the major increased during 1 wk￣3 wk inhalation, pathology sections showed lung interstitium proliferation and edema, in which elastic fibers and reticular fibers were the major, and inflammatory cells were infiltrated around mall airway and blood vessels. Scanning electron microscope showed cilia sheded, secretory cells hyperfunctioned in the early stage of inhalation and hypofunctioned in the later stage. Transmission electron microscope showed the damage of Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells and capillaries. Conclusion: TDI inhalation is believed to induce mice lung injury in several ways.