“狱刺”背景下的西周族产析分——以琱生器及相关器铭为中心的研究

The Division of Family Assets in Western Zhou Dynasty:A Study Based on Diao Sheng and Relative Vessels

关于西周时期家族财产的占有与传承问题,传世文献记载十分简略。根据传世文献记载,宗族发展到一定阶段后就会分衍。其中是否涉及财产析分,相应的规则又是什么,则难知其详。通过分析传世琱生二簋和新出土的琱生尊铭文,以及其他反映西周家族、世系的金文资料,可以发现近代"分家"式的继承方式,虽然是在战国以后形成的,但于在西周时就已具备初步之形态了。这种分家是以"立氏"的形式出现,只不过立氏并非每代进行,而是间隔两至三世而已。立氏后的小宗,获得一定的经济独立性。

Little has been mentioned on the possession and succession of family assets of Western Zhou Dynasty in traditional documents. What was mentioned was that the family would divide in a certain stage. However, whether the assets were divided or what are the rules were not available. From the the newly unearthed vessels and other materials on ancient bronze objects, we can discover the form of dividing a family can be traced back to Western Zhou Dynasty, although it was formed in post Zhan Guo （Warring States） Period. This division of a family takes the form of ＂li shi＂ （establishment of a new subgroup in a family） which occurs in two or three generations. And the new subgroup obtains some level of economic independence.