农业用水户的水费承受能力及其对农业水价改革的态度——来自云南和新疆灌区的实地调研

Agricultural Water Users' Affordability of Water Fees and Their Attitude toward Irrigation Water Pricing Reform——An On-the-spot Investigatin of Irrigation Districts in Xinjiang and Yunan

农业水价改革是调节农户灌溉行为,促进农业节水实现的重要政策工具。探讨农业用水户的实际水费承受能力及其对农业水价改革的反映对于制定合理的农业水价政策具有重要的意义。根据对新疆和云南144户农户入户调查问卷,从家庭特征、水费支出情况、水费承受能力以及对水价浮动的反映等几个方面分析和探讨了农业用水户面对不同水价政策变动的态度和应对措施,认为农业用水户作为基本生产单位,其应对农业水价改革的决策行为是"理性的"和"利己的",国家制定的相关政策只有在能够充分考虑到农户的实际反应时才能发挥最大的政策效应。

Irrigation water pricing policy is the key policy instrument to adjust farmers＇ irrigation decision and promote the popularization of water-saving agriculture. It is necessary to analyze agricultural water users＇ （AWU） affordability of water fees and their attitude to the irrigation water pricing reform. Based on 144 AWU＇s questionary from Yuannan Province and Xinjiang Province, this paper analyzes AWUs＇ attitude to the irrigation water pricing reform and their corresponding measures. The analysis indicates that AWU＇s corresponding attitude to agricultural water pricing reform is rational and the new reform should consider AWU＇s reaction carefully.