SMA、OMMT对PA6/ABS共混物聚集态结构及性能影响的研究

THE EFFECT OF SMA,OMMT ON THE MORPHOLOGY AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF PA6/ABS BLENDS

采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)等手段研究了苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物(SMA)、有机蒙脱土(OMMT)对尼龙6(PA6)/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯(ABS)共混物体系聚集态结构及性能的影响.结果表明,SMA与OMMT的加入均可提高PA6/ABS共混物体系的强度及模量,但加入OMMT后共混物的韧性有所下降,而PA6/ABS/SMA共混物的韧性随SMA含量的增加呈上升趋势.SMA、OMMT对PA6/ABS共混体系都有细化ABS分散相的作用,随SMA加入量的增加,ABS分散相尺寸逐渐减小,分布趋于均匀;当OMMT加入量在4 phr以内时,对ABS分散相粒径影响不大,超过4 phr后,随着OMMT含量的增加,ABS分散相的尺寸逐渐减小.XRD与TEM的分析结果表明,对PA6/OMMT(100/5)共混物,OMMT主要以剥离形态分布,同时也存在少量OMMT聚集体;PA6/ABS/OMMT共混物中OMMT则基本以剥离形态选择分布在PA6基体相中.

Polyamide 6/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene （PA6/ABS） blends were prepared by melt processing with and without organ-montmorillonite （OMMT） or styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer （SMA） as compatibilizer. The effects of compatibilizer on morphology and mechanical properties of the PA6/ABS blends were investigated by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and mechanical property tests. Through morphology observation, the ABS particle sizes tended to decrease with the addition of compatibilizers. Structural analysis of the PA6/OMMT （100/5） composite revealed that the PA6/ABS/OMMT nanocomposites showed fully exfoliated OMMT structures, and OMMT were fistly dispered in PA6 matrix, whereas the PA6 based nanocomposites showed a mixed exfoliated and also partly non-intercalated morphology. XRD and TEM results revealed that the most crucial factor in controlling the morphology and achieving different levels of dispersion is the extent of interaction between clay and the polymer matrix. Moreover, increasing matrix viscosity helps to obtain better dispersion of OMMT. The addition of OMMT led to mechanical stiffening as indicated by the mechanical test results.