公共福利的内涵辨析

The Study of Chamber of Commerce （Federation of Industry and Commerce） transition

公共福利是现代社会的一个重要发展领域,也是提高人们生活质量的一个关键因素。目前,公共福利的概念并不清楚,因此,公共福利建设也带有很大的盲目性。为了澄清公共福利的内涵,需要在社会福利的概念上做三项工作:突破三个界限,即广义和狭义的界限,生产和生活的界限,福利物品和市场物品的界限;厘清三种关系,即过程和结果的关系,原因和后果的关系,制度和状态的关系;承认三种差别,即层次差别,区域差别,福利服务、市场服务和公共服务之间的差别。公共福利事业的着力点是确定政府为福利责任主体。现阶段,公共福利内容主要是十项民生工程:水、能源(电)、通信、道路交通、住房、医疗卫生、教育、就业服务、养老、救济(优抚)。同时,本文还总结出公共福利的四个特点,即福利性、公益性、公平性和公众参与。

Overall, China Chamber of Commerce is in the transitional process with gradually substitution on Government＇s functions and partly demand on enterprises meets, Its relationship with government and business is still in a immature, unstable situation. Analysis of Chamber of Commerce and the Government, business interaction, understand the basic characteristics and change routing of Chamber of Commerce＇s transition is the effective way to provide Institutional arrangements. In this paper, we provide a grass -roots district Shanghai Industry and Commerce as a research object, through the ＂ex situ Industrial Park＂ project ease studies, exploring a series of related issue on Chamber of Commerce~ transition on grass -roots level, such as the resource base in transition, institutional strengths, transition mechanisms, transition dynamics and system limitations of these organizations, to promote the Chamber of Commerce system in transition.