传统文化视角下的社区参与旅游收益分配制度变迁机理研究——以梅里雪山雨崩藏族村为例

Institutional Changes Mechanism Research of Income Distribution in Community Participatory Tourism under the Traditional Culture——A Case of Yubeng Tibetan Village in Meili Snow Mountain

收益分配制度研究有利于推动社区参与旅游的实践,并丰富其理论研究。根据2007年至2008年先后4次到梅里雪山雨崩村及其周边村寨的考察情况,运用参与式观察法、问卷调查法、深度访谈法及文献资料等研究方法,对雨崩村社区参与旅游收益分配制度变迁机理进行了深入研究。研究结论是:该项制度变迁机理分为隐性和显性两个方面:藏族传统文化深层次的传统伦理道德"公平"价值观形成的隐性机理与雨崩村全体居民在"家长会"上围绕着"公平"这一藏族传统伦理道德价值观进行的权力斗争形成的显性机理综合作用,导致雨崩村社区参与旅游收益分配制度不断变迁。

The research of income distribution institution is in favour of promoting the practice and theory of community participation in tourism. The author has been to Yubeng Tibetan Village and others in Meili Snow Mountain during 2007 and 2008 in order to do thorough research about the income distribution institution changes＇ mechanism of community participation in tourism in Yubeng Village using participatory inspection, questionnaire survey, deep interview, literature material and so on. The research conclusion is that its changes＇ mechanism have divided into the recessive and the obvious parts ： the recessive mechanism of the Tibetan national minority have traditional ethics morals ＂fairness＂, and the obvious mechanism have been formed by all residents in Yubeng Village who were carrying on the conflict of power at ＂the parents＇ meeting＂ because ＂fairness＂ the Tibetan national minority tradition ethics morals values, have made the income distribution institution of community participation in tourism unceasingly change all together.